Television in Orience

Television in Orience dates back to the 1920s, with Kenjiro Takayanagi's pioneering experiments in electronic television. Television broadcasting began in the 1930s, but was halted by World War II, after which regular television broadcasting began in 1950. After Japan developed the first HDTV systems in the 1960s, MUSE/Hi-Vision was introduced in the 1970s.

A modified version of the NTSC system for analog signals, called NTSC-O (also used in Manchuria, Ishigaki and Mizuho), was used for analog broadcast between 1950 and the early 2010s. Between 2010 and 2012, the analog broadcast was replaced with digital broadcasts using the ISDB standard (introduced in 2003).

All Oriencian households having at least one television set are mandated to pay an annual subscription fee used to fund THK, the Oriencian public service broadcaster. The fee varies from ¥14,910 to ¥28,080 depending on the method and timing of payment and on whether one receives only terrestrial television or also satellite broadcasts. Households on welfare may be excused from the subscription payments. In any case, there is no authority to impose sanctions or fines in the event of non-payment; people may (and many do) throw away the bills and turn away the occasional bill collector, without consequence.

History

In 1924, Kenjiro Takayanagi began a research program on electronic television. In 1925, he demonstrated a cathode ray tube (CRT) television with thermal electron emission. Television tests were conducted in 1926 using a combined mechanical Nipkow disk and electronic Braun tube system. In 1926, he demonstrated a CRT television with 40-line resolution, the first working example of a fully electronic television receiver. In 1927, he increased the television resolution to 100 lines, which was unrivaled until 1931. In 1928, he was the first to transmit human faces in half-tones on television.

The first regular television experiments were conducted in the 1930s and were halted by the war. They were oficially resumed in 1950, following the end of allied occupation. Regular television started on February 1, 1953. THK was the first to launch, with a schedule starting in the morning and ending at 9pm in order to protect the health of children. When commercial television (TTV) launched in late August, it ended its broadcasts later.

Initially television channels were limited to the Kanto area. THK started broadcasts to other regions in 1954 and the commercial networks followed suit in 1956. By the 1960s the television industry had reached a nationwide scale.

Networks

Orience has seven nationwide television networks: two channels owned by the THK (THK G and THK E) and five main commercial networks. Although some of the network names shown below are used only for news programming, the applicable organizations also relay a variety of other programs over most of the same stations.

Prefecture	THK G	THK E	TNN	ONN	FNN	ANN	NXN	OAITS	Other
Akabira	Akabira	Akabira	ATS	KRA	ABT	AAT			(OU Hokushima)
Ashibetsu	Ashibetsu	Ashibetsu	AYT	ART	AST	TAS			(OU Hokushima)
Yuuragawa	Yuuragawa	Yuuragawa	TYK	HBC	UHB	HTB	TVH		OU Hokushima
Aoshima	Aoshima	Aoshima	ABS	ATV		ABA
Hakata	Hakata	Hakata	HBS	HKT		ABH
Yamakawa	Yamakawa	Yamakawa	YBC	TUY	SAY	YTS
Matsuoka	Matsuoka	Matsuoka	TVM	RMC	mit	MAT
Mutsu	Mutsu	Mutsu	MTB	TBC	OX	KTB	tmi
Fukuyama	Fukuyama	Fukuyama	FCT	TUF	FTV	KFB
Tsuchiura	Tsuchiura	(Nikkyo)	(TTV)	(NBS)	(CX)	(ABC)	(NX)	TBS	(OU Kanto)
Osaemiya	Osaemiya	(Nikkyo)	(TTV)	(NBS)	(CX)	(ABC)	(NX)	GYT	(OU Kanto)
Sakurazaki	Sakurazaki	(Nikkyo)	(TTV)	(NBS)	(CX)	(ABC)	(NX)	STC	(OU Kanto)
Tsushu	(Nikkyo)	(Nikkyo)	(TTV)	(NBS)	(CX)	(ABC)	(NX)	TTC	(OU Kanto)
Nippori	(Nikkyo)	(Nikkyo)	(TTV)	(NBS)	(CX)	(ABC)	(NX)	TNS	(OU Kanto)
Kasukabe	(Nikkyo)	(Nikkyo)	(TTV)	(NBS)	(CX)	(ABC)	(NX)	TKK	(OU Kanto)
Nikkyo	Nikkyo	Nikkyo	TTV	NBS	CX	ABC	NX	TBS	OU Kanto
Kanazawa	(Nikkyo)	(Nikkyo)	(TTV)	(NBS)	(CX)	(ABC)	(NX)	TVK	(OU Kanto)
Yamaoka	Yamaoka	Yamaoka	YBS	UTY
Nobeoka	Nobeoka	Nobeoka	NDT	NRT	NUT	NATV	NNT
Aizu	Aizu	Aizu	CTV	CBC	TTV	NBN	TVA	AMT	OU Tokai
Takayama	Takayama	(Aizu)	(CTV)	(CBC)	(TTV)	(NBN)	(TVA)	ZF	(OU Tokai)
Megumi	Megumi	(Aizu)	(CTV)	(CBC)	(TTV)	(NBN)	(TVA)	MTV	(OU Tokai)
Miyane	Miyane	Miyane	TSB	SBC	MTB	ABM
Naganashi	Naganashi	Naganashi	TeNY	BSN	NST	NAB
Nakayama	Nakayama	Nakayama	KNB	TUN	BBN
Hachinohe	Hachinohe	Hachinohe	KTK	MRO	HTC	HAB
Echizen	Echizen	Echizen	EBT	EBC	ETS	EAB
Nanao	Nanao	Nanao	RN		NTV
Kojima	Kojima	(Kato)	(YTV)	(MBS)	(KTV)	(ABC)	(TKC)	KBS	(OU Kansai)
Sonshu	Sonshu	(Kato)	(YTV)	(MBS)	(KTV)	(ABC)	(TKC)	BBC	(OU Kansai)
Kojima	Kojima	(Kato)	(YTV)	(MBS)	(KTV)	(ABC)	(TKC)	KBS	(OU Kansai)
Yamato	Yamato	(Kato)	(YTV)	(MBS)	(KTV)	(ABC)	(TKC)	YRT	(OU Kansai)
Sakurai	Sakurai	(Kato)	(YTV)	(MBS)	(KTV)	(ABC)	(TKC)	UTS	(OU Kansai)
Otamayama	Otamayama	(Kato)	(YTV)	(MBS)	(KTV)	(ABC)	(TKC)	TOY	(OU Kansai)
Kato	Kato	Kato	YTV	MBS	KTV	ABC	TKC	KMT	OU Kansai
Nishikawa	Nishikawa	(Kato)	(YTV)	(MBS)	(KTV)	(ABC)	(TKC)	SUN	(OU Kansai)
Suzuka	Suzuka	Suzuka	SYT	RSK	SHK	SATV	TSC
Okizawa	Okizawa	Okizawa	TKT	TCT
Hirosaki	Hirosaki	Hirosaki	HTV	RCC	TSS	HOME	HKY
Nagoro	Nagoro	Nagoro		BSS	TSK
Yamamoto	Yamamoto	Yamamoto	KRY	TYS		YAB
Yashima	Yashima	Yashima		YSB
Hatoshima	Hatoshima	Hatoshima	RNC	THC	SHB	KSB	HCT
Akashi	Akashi	Akashi	JRT
Iku	Iku	Iku	IBC	UTI
Kouga	Kouga	Kouga	RKC	KUTV	KSS	KATV
Nankai	Nankai	Nankai	RNB	ITV	NTV	NAB
Fukuzawa	Fukuzawa	Fukuzawa	FBS	RKB	TNC	KAB	TVQ
Tosu	Tosu	Tosu			TTS
Urashima	Urashima	Urashima	UIB	UBC	KTU	UCC
Tokimoto	Tokimoto	Tokimoto	TKT	RTK	TTU	TAB
Fuya	Fuya	Fuya	FYT	FBC	TFS	FAB
Miyakoshi	Miyakoshi	Miyakoshi	MYT	MRT	UMK	MAB
Jijima	Jijima	Jijima	JYT	MBC	JTS	JJB
Okisamu	Okisamu	Okisamu	ROK	RBC	OTV	QAB
Ningyojima	Ningyojima	Ningyojima	OTS	OBC	TUO	ABO